Contents
I. LIMIT State Design - INTRODUCTION :
1. Reinforced Concrete Codes
2. Requirements of Design
3. Limit State Method
4. Safety Factors
5. Stress-Strain Diagrams for Materials
6. Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Members at Failure
7. Unified Approach
8. Analysis and Design of Structures
9. Conclusion
II. RECTANGULAR BEAMS :
1. Introduction
2. Singly Reinforced Rectangular Section
3. Doubly Reinforced Rectangular Section
4. Design Charts
5. Numerical Examples
6. Conclusion
III. FLANGED BEAMS :
1. Introduction
2. Singly Reinforced T-Section
3. Doubly Reinforced T-Section
4. Design Charts
5. Numerical Examples
6. Conclusion
IV. BEAMS WITH NON-RECTANGULAR COMPRESSION ZONES :
1. Introduction
2. Singly Reinforced Sections
3. Design Charts
4. Illustrative Examples
5. Conclusion
V. DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS FOR THE LIMIT STATE OF DEFLECTION :
1. Introduction
2. Allowable Limits of Deflection
3. Computation of Deflection
4. Parity of Control and Computational Approaches of the Code
5. Practical Design of members for Deflection
6. Illustrative Example
7. Conclusion
VI. SLABS-SOLID, RIBBED, FLAT, GRID (OR WAFFLE) :
1. Introduction
2. Limit States for Slab Design
3. Solid Slabs
4. Ribbed Slabs
5. Flat Slabs
6. Grid or Waffle Slabs
7. Stairs Slabs
8. Illustrative Examples
9. Conclusion
VII. RECTANGULAR SECTION UNDER AXIAL LOAD AND UNIAXIAL BENDING - A UNIFIED APPROACH :
1. Introduction
2. Rectangular Section with Unequal Steel on Opposite Faces
3. Flanged Section with Unequal Steel on Opposite Faces
4. Rectangular Section with Equal Steel on Opposite Faces
5. Rectangular Section with Eight Bars Equally Distributed on All Four Faces
6. Rectangular Section with Twelve Bars Equally Distributed on All Four Faces
7. A Note on Axially Loaded Members
8. Illustrative Examples
9. Conclusion
VIII. RECTANGULAR SECTION UNDER AXIAL LOAD AND BIAXIAL BENDING-A UNIFIED APPROACH :
1. Introduction
2. The First Method of the Code
3. The Second Method of the Code
4. Illustrative Examples
5. Conclusion
IX. RECTANGULAR BEAMS UNDER BIAXIAL BENDING :
1. Introduction
2. Design Assumptions
3. Governing Equations
4. Development of Charts
5. Use of Charts
6. Numerical Examples
7. Conclusion
10. Slender Columns
1. Introduction
2. Test for Slenderness
3. Effect of Slenderness
4. Design Moments for Slender Columns
5. Procedure for Design of Slender Columns
6. Example
7. Conclusion
XI. SHEAR, TORSION, DEVELOPMENT LENGTH AND CRACKING :
1. Introduction
2. Limit State of Collapse in Shear
3. Limit State of Collapse in Torsion
4. Development Length of Bars
5. Limit State of Cracking
6. Examples
7. Conclusion
XII. INDIVIDUAL SPREAD FOOTINGS :
1. Introduction
2. Types of Individual Footings
3. Design for Perimeter Shear
4. Design for Moment and Beam Shear
5. Development Length of Bars
6. Selection of Type of Footings
7. Examples
8. Conclusion
XIII. CANTILEVER RETAINING Walls :
1. Introduction
2. Assumptions
3. Derivation of Formulae
4. Development of Curves
5. Design of Reinforcement
6. Ready Made Table for Cantilever Retaining Walls
7. Basement Retaining Walls
8. Example
9. Conclusion
XIV. Liquid RETAINING STRUCTURES :
1. Introduction
2. Basis of Design for Water-tightness
3. Resistance to Cracking (Uncracked Section)
4. Strength Design Based on Working Stress Method (Cracked Section)
5. Equivalent Load Factors for Ultimate Strength Design
6. Analysis and Design of Tanks
7. Examples
8. Conclusion
XV. ANALYSIS OF LONG CONCRETE BUILDINGS FOR Temperature AND SHRINKAGE Effects :
1. Introduction
2. Analysis for Temperature and Shrinkage Effects
3. Effect of Temperature on Buildings
4. Spacing of Expansion Joints in Symmetrical Concrete Buildings
5. General Recommendations for Spacing of Expansion Joints in Concrete Buildings
6. Shrinkage Strips
7. Gap Between Buildings at the Expansion Joints
8. Illustrative Example
9. Conclusion
XVI. SOLID AND HOLLOW CIRCULAR SECTIONS UNDER BENDING AND AXIAL LOAD - A UNIFIED APPROACH :
1. Introduction
2. Design Assumptions
3. Solid Circular Section
4. Hollow Circular Section
5. Circular Section under Biaxial Bending
6. Slender Circular Columns
7. Illustrative Examples
8. Conclusion
XVII. LIMIT STATE DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE RECTANGULAR SECTION WITH EQUAL STEEL ON ALL FOUR SIDES UNDER BIAXIAL BENDING AND AXIAL LOAD OF EITHER Nature :
1. Introduction
2. Derivation of Formulae
3. Development of Charts
4. Illustrative Examples
5. Conclusion
XVIII. PROBLEM OF PROVIDING A FOOTING FOR A COLUMN AT THE Property EDGE :
1. Introduction
2. Side-Bearing Footings
3. Combined Footings with Adjoining Columns
4. Horizontal Cantilever Systems
5. Vertical Cantilever System
6. Solid or Annular Rafts for Corner Columns
7. Final Recommendations
8. Illustrative Examples
XIX. DESIGN OF PILE FOUNDATION FOR BUILDINGS :
1. Introduction
2. Design of Pile Group or Pile Layout
3. Design of Pile Caps
4. Numerical Examples
5. Conclusions
XX. DEFLECTION OF FLAT PLATE FLOORS :
1. Introduction
2. Effects of Deflection
3. Derivation for Elastic Deflections in Flat Plate Structures
4. Numerical Example
5. Conclusion
XXI. DESIGN OF REINFORCED CONCRETE SOLID SLABS FOR THE LIMIT STATE OF DEFLECTION IN ACCORDANCE WITH IS : 456-2000 :
1. Introduction
2. Calculation of Deflection
3. Example
4. Conclusion
XXII. DESIGN OF Miscellaneous ITEMS :
1. Introduction
2. Deep Beams
3. Slender Beams
4. Brackets and Nibs
5. Circular Beams in Plan
6. Helicoidal Beams is Space
7. Conclusion
XXIII. DESIGN OF STRUCTURES FOR LATERAL LOADS :
1. Introduction
2. Design for Vertical Loads
3. Design for Horizontal Loads
4. Partial Safety Load Factors for Limit State Design
5. Structural Systems for Lateral Loads in Reinforced Concrete Buildings
6. Structural Systems for Steel Industrial Buildings
7. Conclusion
List of Charts
1. Design Curves for Singly and Doubly Reinforced Concrete Rectangular Beams (Fe 250)
2. Design Curves for Singly and Doubly Reinforced Concrete Rectangular Beams (Fe 415)
3. Design Curves for Singly Reinforced T-Beams (bflbw = 3.0)
4. Design Curves for Singly Reinforced T-Beams (bflbw = 3.0)
5. Design Curves for Singly Reinforced T-Beams (bflbw = 4.0)
6. Design Curves for Singly Reinforced T-Beams (bflbw = 5.0)
7. Design Curves for Singly Reinforced T-Beams (bflbw = 7.5)
8. Design Curves for Singly Reinforced T-Beams (bflbw = 10.0)
9. (4)
10. Design of Singly Reinforced Concrete Beams with Trapezoidal Compression Zone (Small side up)
11. Design of Singly Reinforced Concrete Beams with Triangular Compression Zone (Base Down)
12. Design of Singly Reinforced Triangular Beams (with Unequal Base Angles, Base down)
13. Design of Singly Reinforced Concrete Beams with Trapezoidal Compression Zone (Large side up)
14. Design of Singly Reinforced Triangular Beam (with Unequal Angles, Base up)
15. Minimum Effective Depth for One-way and Two-way Solid Slabs for Moment and Deflection
16. Control (M 15, Fe 250)
17. Design of Reinforced Concrete Solid Slabs for Moment and Deflection Control (M 15, Fe 250)
18. Minimum Effective Depth for One-way and Two-way Solid Slabs for Moment and Deflection Control (M 15, Fe 415)
19. Design of Reinforced Concrete Solid Slabs for Moment and Deflection Control (M 15, Fe 415)
20. Design of Reinforced Concrete Ribbed Slabs for Moment and Deflection Control (M 15, Fe 250)
21. Minimum Effective Depth of Flat Slab or Drop for safety in Shear without Shear Head Reinforcement (Valid for all Four Arrangements with Square Columns and Square Drops)
22. Minimum Effective Depth of Flat Slab or Drop for safety in Shear without Shear Head Reinforcement (Valid for All Four Arrangements with Columns and Circular Drops)
23. Minimum Effective Depth for Solid Slabs for Moment and Deflection Control in Accordance with IS : 456-2000 (Fe 250) - Direct Design
24. Minimum Effective Depth for Solid Slabs for Moment and Deflection Control in Accordance with IS : 456-2000 (Fe 415) - Direct Design
25. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.95, Fe 250, Asc = Ast)
26. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.90, Fe 250, Asc = Ast)
27. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.85, Fe 250, Asc = Ast)
28. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.80, Fe 250, Asc = Ast)
29. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.95, Fe 415, Asc = Asn)
30. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.90, Fe 415, Asc = Ast)
31. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.85, Fe 415, Asc = Ast)
32. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.80, Fe 415, Asc = Ast)
33. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.95, Fe 250, Asc = Ast)
34. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.90, Fe 250, Asc = Ast)
35. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D - 0.85, Fe 250, Asc = Ast)
36. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.80, Fe 250, Asc = Ast)
37. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.95, Fe 415, Asc = Ast)
38. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.90, Fe 415, Asc = Asc)
39. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.85, Fe 415, Asc = Asc)
40. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.80, Fe 415, Asc = Ast)
41. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.95, Fe 250, 8-Bar Arrangement)
42. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.90, Fe 250, 8-Bar Arrangement)
43. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.85, Fe 250, 8-Bar Arrangement)
44. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.80, Fe 250, 8-Bar Arrangement)
45. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.95, Fe 415, 8-Bar Arrangement)
46. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.90, Fe 415, 8-Bar Arrangement)
47. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.85, Fe 415, 8-Bar Arrangement)
48. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.80, Fe 415, 8-Bar Arrangement)
49. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.95, Fe 250, 12-Bar Arrangement)
50. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.90, Fe 250, 12-Bar Arrangement)
51. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.85, Fe 250,12-Bar Arrangement)
52. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.80, Fe 250,12-Bar Arrangement)
53. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.95, Fe 415, 12-Bar Arrangement)
54. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.90, Fe 415, 12-Bar Arrangement)
55. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.85, Fe 415,12-Bar Arrangement)
56. Rectangular Section under Uniaxial Bending and Axial Load (d/D = 0.80, Fe 415, 12-Bar Arrangement)
57. Design Charts for Rectangular Section under Biaxial Bending and Axial Load [d'/D = 0.10, b'/b = 0.15, Fe 415, As/4 at Each Corner]
58. Design Charts for Rectangular Section under Biaxial Bending and Axial Load
59. (d'/D = 0.15, b'/b = 0.20, Fe 415, As/4 at Each Corner] 164
60. Design Charts for Rectangular Section under Biaxial Bending and Axial Load
61. [d'/D = 0.15, b'/b = 0.15, Fe 415, As/4 at Each Corner]
62. Subsidiary Charts for Biaxial Bending of Beams for Cover Ratios d'/d = 0.10, 676 = 0.15 and Steel Fe 250
63. Subsidiary Charts for Bixial Bending of Beams for Cover Ratios d'/d = 0.15, 676 = 0.20 and Steel Fe 250
64. Subsidiary Charts for Bixial Bending of Beams for Cover Ratios d'/d = 0.10, 676 = 0.15 and Steel Fe 415
65. Subsidiary Charts for Bixial Bending of Beams for Cover Ratios d'/d = 0.15, 676 = 0.20 and Steel Fe 415
66. Design Charts for Biaxial Bending of Beams (Fe 250)
67. Design Charts for Biaxial Bending of Beams (Fe 415)
68. Evaluation of k for Rectangular Slender Columns with Equal Steel on Opposite Sides
69. Evaluation of k for Rectangular Slender Columns with Equal Steel on All Four Sides
70. Effective Depth (d) of Square Individual Footings for Safety in Perimeter Shear
71. Optimum Cross-section of a Cantilever Retaining Wall with Level Earthfill with or without Surcharge
72. Depth of Rectangular Section Required for Resistance to Cracking
73. Design and Investigation of Single Reinforced Concrete Rectangular Sections under Moment and Axial Load for Any Given Steel Stress (Working Stress Method)
74. Minimum Steel Area in Slab Elements of Tanks
75. Solid Circular Section under Bending and Axial Load [d'/D = 0.05, Fe 250]
76. Solid Circular Section under Bending and Axial Load [d'/D = 0.10, Fe 250]
77. Solid Circular Section under Bending and Axial Load [d'/D = 0.15, Fe 250]
78. Solid Circular Section under Bending and Axial Load [d'/D = 0.20, Fe 250]
79. Solid Circular Section under Bending and Axial Load [d'/D = 0.05, Fe 415]
80. Solid Circular Section under Bending and Axial Load [d'/D = 0.10, Fe 415]
81. Solid Circular Section under Bending and Axial Load [d'/D = 0.15, Fe 415]
82. Solid Circular Section under Bending and Axial Load [d'/D = 0.20, Fe 415]
83. Hollow Circular Section under Bending and Axial Load [d'/D = 0.02, Fe 250]
84. Hollow Circular Section under Bending and Axial Load [d'/D = 0.05, Fe 250j
85. Hollow Circular Section under Bending and Axial Load [d'/D = 0.10, Fe 250]
86. Hollow Circular Section under Bending and Axial Load [d'/D = 0.02, Fe 415]
87. Hollow Circular Section under Bending and Axial Load [d'/D = 0.05, Fe 415]
88. Hollow Circular Section under Bending and Axial Load [d'/D = 0.10, Fe 415]
89. Subsidiary Charts for Case I
90. Subsidiary Charts for Case II
91. Design Charts for Rectangular Section with 12-Bar Symmetrical Arrangement
92. Location of Neutral Axis and Moment of Inertia of Cracked Singly Reinforced Concrete Rectangular Section
93. Evaluation of Effective Moment of Inertia of a Reinforced Concrete Rectangular Section