Contents
1. INTRODUCTION :
Essential Role of Manufacturing; Early Ideas and Recent Progress; Implications of Atomic-scale Positional Control; Uses of the Term " Nanotechnology"; Consequences of Molecular Nanotechnology; Importance of Molecular Manufacturing; Molecular Machine Components; Molecular Manufacturing System; A "Household" Molecular Manufacturing System; Characteristics of Molecular Manufacturing; Computer Revolution; Current Technology; Public Policy; Conclusions.
2. Ocean OF MOLECULES :
Physical Nature of Protoplasm; Granular Theory; Alveolar Theory; Fibrillar Theory; Reticulate Theory; Colloidal Theory; Properties of Protoplasm; Cohesiveness; Contractility; Electrical Charge; Precipitation; Viscosity; Streaming Movement or Cyclosis; Amoeboid Movement; Brownian Movement; Tyndall Effect; Adsorption; Biological Properties; Chemical Nature of Protoplasm; Water; Inorganic Compounds; Organic Compounds; Proteins; Structure of Protein; Primary Structure; Secondary Structure; Tertiary Structure; Quaternary Structure; Classification of Protein; Simple Proteins; Conjugated Proteins; Derived Proteins; Properties of Proteins; Biological Importance of Proteins; Carbohydrates; Structure; Classification; Monosaccharides; Properties of Monosaccharides; Oligosaccharides; Polysaccharides; Functions; Lipids; Classification of Lipids; Simple Lipids; Compound Lipids; Derived Lipids; Prostaglandins; Amino Acids; Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids.
3. MOLECULES IN LIFE :
Elements and Compounds; Atomic Structure; Protons; Neutrons; and Electrons; Isotopes; Electrons and Orbitals; Chemical Bonding; Ionic Bonding; Covalent Bonding; Weaker Interactions; Water in Living Systems; Some Properties of Water; Water as a Solvent; Concentrations of Solutions; Acid-Base Phenomena; Organic Molecules.
4. MOLECULES IN EARLIEST CELLS
5. MICROMOLECULES :
Atoms : Constituents of Matter; An Element is Made Up of Only One Kind of Atom; Number of Protons Identifies the Element; Isotopes Differ in Number of Neutrons; Electron Behaviour Determines Chemical Bonding; Chemical Bonds : Linking Atoms Together; Covalent Bonds Consist of Shared Pairs of Electrons; Orientation of Bonds in Space; Multiple Covalent Bonds; Uniqual Sharing of Electrons; Hydrogen Bonds may Form between Molecules; Ions Form Bonds by Electrical Attraction; Ionic Bonds : Electrical Attraction; Nonpolar Substances have no Attraction for Polar Substances; Attraction between Nonpolar Molecules; Polar and Nonpolar Interactions; Eggs by the Dozen; Molecules by the Mole; Reactions Take Place in Solutions; Chemical Reactions : Atoms Change Partners; Water : Structure and Properties; Water has a Unique Structure and Special Properties; Ice Floats; Melting and Freezing; Cohesion and Surface Tension; Evaporation and Cooling; Water Molecules Sometimes Form Ions; Acids; Bases; and the pH Scale; Acids Donate H+; Bases Accept H+; pH is the Measure of Hydrogen Ion Concentration; Buffers Minimize pH Changes; Properties of Molecules; Functional Groups give Specific Properties to Molecules; Isomers have Different Arrangements of the Same Atoms.
6. MACROMOLECULES :
Lipids : Water-Insoluble Molecules; Fats and Oils Store Energy; Phospholipids Form the Core of Biological Membranes; Carotenoids Trap Light Energy; Steroids are Signal Molecules; Some Lipids are Vitamins; Macromolecules : Giant Polymers; Macromolecules Form by Condensation Reactions; Carbohydrates : Sugars and Sugar Polymers; Monosaccharides are Simple Sugars; Glycosidic Linkages bond Monosaccharides Together; Polysaccharides are Energy Stores or Structural Materials; Derivative Carbohydrates Contain; other Elements; Proteins are Composed of Amino Acids; Peptide Linkages Covalently Bond Amino Acids Together; Primary Structure of a Protein is its Amino Acid Sequence; Secondary Structure of a Protein Requires Hydrogen Bonding; Tertiary Structure of a Protein is Formed by Bending and Folding; Quaternary Structure of a Protein Consists of Subunits; Molecular Chaperones Help Shape Proteins; Nucleic Acids : Informational Macromolecules; Nucleic Acids have Characteristic Structures and Properties; Uniqueness of a Nucleic Acid Resides in its Base Sequence; Dna is a Guide to Evolutionary Relationships; Interactions of Macromolecules.
7. MOLECULAR Engineering :
Nanotechnology is Molecular Engineering; Scale; Atoms; Molecules; Genealogy of Nanotechnology; Research Frontiers; Atomic and Molecular Sensors; Buckytubes and Other Nanotubes; Reverse Engineering Biological Motors; Biomolecules for Computation; Directed Evolution of Molecules and Software; Molecular Computation; Artificial Cellularization.
8. MACHINE-PHASE NANOTECHNOLOGY
9. Designing MOLECULAR Components :
Artificial Evolution; Steps in Artificial Evolution; Applications of Artificial Evolution; Molecular Building Blocks; Requirements for Molecular Building Blocks; Problems in Finding Molecular Building Blocks.
10. COSMETIC NANOSURGERY :
Market Potential; Applications of Cosmetic Nanosurgery; Hair Colour; Skin Colour; Baldness; Unwanted Hair; Permanent Breath Freshener; Wrinkle Repair; Slender Now; Techniques and Strategies; Foiling the Immune System; Sensory Equipment; Intercommunications; Licensing; Economics; Distant Prospects; Nonsurgical Nanomachine-based Cosmetics; Total Makeover.
11. ENGINES OF Construction :
Two Styles of Technology; Molecular Technology Today; Existing Protein Machines; Designing with Protein; Second-Generation Nanotechnology; Universal Assemblers; Nailing Down Conclusions; Principle of Quantum Physics in Molecular Machines; Molecular Vibrations; Disruption of Molecular Machines; Assemblers; Feasibility of Nanotechnology; Nanocomputers; Disassemblers; World Made New.
12. Computing WITH MOLECULES :
Microcircuits; Electronic Switches; Electron Sucker; Transistors; Benzene Rings; Scanning Tunneling Microscope; Computer Chips.
13. TECHNOLOGICAL AND Scientific ASPECTS :
Top-down Technique; Bottom-up Technique; Monolayer Techniques; Scanning Microscopes; Nanoelectronics; Material Sciences; Health Sciences.
14. MOLECULAR MANUFACTURING :
Our History in Space; Better Vehicles to Get to Space; Getting Around in Space; Why Go into Space? Living in Space.
15. IMPLICATIONS OF Nanotechnology :
Nano-engineering Ethics; Curriculum Integration; Goals and Topics; Ethics Approach; Student Engagement; Use of Science Fiction; Two Examples of Nano-Science Fiction; Nanotech Chronicles; "The Diamond Age"; Conclusion.